{"product_id":"hydrogen-fluoride","title":"HF sensor","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\n  \u003cspan style=\"color: #fa0b0b;\"\u003e*\n    \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0631\/2414\/4387\/files\/HF.pdf?v=1792738861\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: #fa0b0b;\"\u003e\n      \u003cu\u003eDownload datasheet\u003c\/u\u003e\n    \u003c\/a\u003e\n  *\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"pro_inner_rit\" style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6;\"\u003e\n\n  \u003ch2\u003eWhere is it found?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n  \u003cp style=\"font-weight: normal;\"\u003e\n    Hydrogen fluoride (HF) is a colourless gas. It is highly corrosive\n    and toxic, with a sharp, irritating odour. When dissolved in water,\n    it forms hydrofluoric acid, a strong and dangerous acid used industrially.\n  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\n  \u003cp style=\"font-weight: normal;\"\u003e\n    HF can be found in various natural sources (volcanic activity)\n    and industrial applications, such as aluminium production,\n    petroleum refining, and in some mines with fluorine-containing\n    minerals (phosphogypsum deposits).\n  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\n  \u003ch2\u003eWhy is it harmful?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n  \u003cp style=\"font-weight: normal;\"\u003e\n    HF poses severe health and environmental hazards due to its highly\n    corrosive and toxic nature. Upon contact, it can penetrate deep\n    into the skin, causing serious tissue damage and life-threatening\n    disruptions. Inhalation of HF vapours can lead to severe respiratory\n    issues, and chronic exposure may cause skeletal fluorosis.\n  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\n  \u003cp style=\"font-weight: normal;\"\u003e\n    Environmentally, HF contributes to acid rain, damages vegetation,\n    contaminates soil, and poses a serious risk to wildlife and livestock\n    due to fluoride accumulation in ecosystems.\n  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\n  \u003ch2\u003eHF cartridge\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\n  \u003cp style=\"font-weight: normal;\"\u003e\n    The HF cartridge has a built-in electrochemical sensor that allows\n    measuring HF at fugitive emissions, despite the fleetingness of HF,\n    which is rapidly deposited.\n  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\n  \u003cp style=\"font-weight: normal;\"\u003e\n    This cartridge shows high accuracy thanks to the Kunak algorithm,\n    which corrects the background noise caused by environmental\n    conditions. Additionally, the cartridge is calibrated using HF gas\n    (not other gases), ensuring high specificity and reliability in\n    HF detection. On the other hand, the HF cartridge has a high\n    cross-sensitivity with H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eS; it is therefore recommended\n    to use an H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eS cartridge together with the HF cartridge\n    when high H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003eS concentrations are present (at ppm level).\n  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\n  \u003cp style=\"font-weight: normal;\"\u003e\n    These features ensure the HF cartridge delivers reliable and\n    precise monitoring in complex field conditions.\n  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\n  \u003ch3\u003eTechnical specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n  \u003cdiv style=\"overflow-x: auto;\"\u003e\n    \u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003e\n      \u003ctbody\u003e\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eType\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eElectrochemical\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eUnit of measurement\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003emg\/m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c\/sup\u003e, ppm\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eMeasurement range \u003csup\u003e(1)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e0–10 ppm\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eResolution \u003csup\u003e(2)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e0.01 ppm\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eOperating temperature range \u003csup\u003e(3)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e-20 to 50 °C\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eOperating RH range \u003csup\u003e(4)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e0 to 99 %RH\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eRecommended RH range \u003csup\u003e(5)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e15 to 90 %RH\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eOperating life \u003csup\u003e(6)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 24 months\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eGuarantee range \u003csup\u003e(7)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e50 ppm\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eLimit of Detection (LOD) \u003csup\u003e(8)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e0.02 ppm\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eRepeatability \u003csup\u003e(9)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e—\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eResponse time \u003csup\u003e(10)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e\u0026lt; 120 sec\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eTypical accuracy \u003csup\u003e(12)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e± 0.1 ppm\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eTypical precision R\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e \u003csup\u003e(11)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e—\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eTypical slope \u003csup\u003e(11)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e—\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eTypical intercept (a) \u003csup\u003e(11)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e—\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eDQO - Typical U(exp) \u003csup\u003e(13)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e—\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n\n        \u003ctr\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003eTypical intra-model variability \u003csup\u003e(14)\u003c\/sup\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n          \u003ctd style=\"border: 1px solid #999; padding: 10px;\"\u003e\u0026lt; 0.1 ppm\u003c\/td\u003e\n        \u003c\/tr\u003e\n      \u003c\/tbody\u003e\n    \u003c\/table\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n  \u003cdiv style=\"font-size: 12px; margin-top: 24px; line-height: 1.7;\"\u003e\n    \u003col\u003e\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eMeasurement range:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Concentration range measured by the sensor.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eResolution:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Smallest unit of measurement that can be indicated by the sensor.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eOperating temperature range:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Temperature interval at which the sensor is rated to operate safely\n        and provide measurements. In the PM sensor Type A: -40 to 50 °C\n        with heater (more information on this version on request).\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eOperating RH range:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Humidity interval at which the sensor is rated to operate safely\n        and provide measurements.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eRecommended RH range:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Recommended relative humidity range for optimal sensor performance.\n        Continuous exposure outside the recommended range may damage the cartridge.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eOperating life:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Time period during which the sensor can operate effectively and\n        accurately under normal conditions.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eGuarantee range:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Concentration range covered by Kunak's guarantee.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eLOD (Limit of Detection):\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Measured at laboratory conditions at 20 °C and 50% RH.\n        The limit of detection is the minimum concentration that can be\n        detected as significantly different to zero gas concentration,\n        calculated according to the Technical Specification CEN\/TS 17660.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eRepeatability:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Measured at laboratory conditions at 20 °C and 50% RH.\n        Closeness of the agreement between the results of successive\n        measurements of the same measurand carried out under the same\n        conditions of measurement, calculated according to the\n        Technical Specification CEN\/TS 17660.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eResponse time:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Time needed by the sensor to reach 90% of the final stable value.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eTypical precision – R\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e, slope and intercept:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Statistics obtained between the device hourly measurements and\n        reference instruments in field tests between -10 to +30 °C\n        at different locations. For the type B PM sensor, the expected\n        error for PM\u003csub\u003e10\u003c\/sub\u003e is higher in the presence of coarse particles.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eTypical accuracy:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        For criteria pollutants, this is the average Mean Absolute Error\n        (MAE) obtained between the device hourly measurements and reference\n        instruments for 1 to 8 months of field tests between -10 to +30 °C\n        in different countries. For other pollutants, it is the expected\n        error of the measurement at the reading.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eDQO - Typical U(exp):\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Data Quality Objective expressed as the Expanded Uncertainty in the\n        Limit Value obtained between the device hourly measurements and\n        reference instruments for 1 to 8 months of field tests between\n        -10 to +30 °C in different countries, calculated according to\n        the European Air Quality Directive 2024\/2881 and the Technical\n        Specification CEN\/TS 17660. For the type B PM sensor, the expected\n        error for PM\u003csub\u003e10\u003c\/sub\u003e is higher in the presence of coarse particles.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n\n      \u003cli\u003e\n        \u003cstrong\u003eTypical intra-model variability:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n        Calculated as the standard deviation of the three sensor means\n        in 1 to 8 months of field tests between -10 to +30 °C\n        in different countries.\n      \u003c\/li\u003e\n    \u003c\/ol\u003e\n\n    \u003cp\u003e\n      \u003cstrong\u003eA, B, C, D superindex:\u003c\/strong\u003e\n      The super indexes refer to different types of cartridges related\n      to the same target pollutant but with different technical specifications.\n    \u003c\/p\u003e\n  \u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"DiamondSci","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49957957173507,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0631\/2414\/4387\/files\/HF_jpg.webp?v=1792738794","url":"https:\/\/diamondsci.com\/products\/hydrogen-fluoride","provider":"DiamondSci","version":"1.0","type":"link"}